{"id":3767,"date":"2021-08-08T17:16:29","date_gmt":"2021-08-08T16:16:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=3767"},"modified":"2021-08-08T17:16:30","modified_gmt":"2021-08-08T16:16:30","slug":"professeur-djamil-aissani-president-de-gehimab-le-sort-de-milliers-de-resistants-a-ete-cruel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2021\/08\/08\/professeur-djamil-aissani-president-de-gehimab-le-sort-de-milliers-de-resistants-a-ete-cruel\/","title":{"rendered":"Professeur Djamil Aissani, pr\u00e9sident de Gehimab : \u00ab Le sort de milliers de r\u00e9sistants a \u00e9t\u00e9 cruel \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dans cet entretien, le professeur universitaire \u00e0 facult\u00e9 des sciences exactes de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de B\u00e9ja\u00efa)  Djamil Aissani, \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019association GEHIMAB, qui s\u2019est consacr\u00e9e depuis des ann\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019histoire des math\u00e9matiques ainsi que les diff\u00e9rents courants musulmans de la r\u00e9gion, met en avant l\u2019adh\u00e9sion des populations \u00e0 la r\u00e9volution populaire de 1871 dans le but de mettre fin \u00e0 la colonisation et les s\u00e9questres dont elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 victimes.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Propos recueillis par Boubekeur Amrani<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pouvez-vous nous parler un peu de la d\u00e9portation des r\u00e9sistants de 1871 vers la Nouvelle Cal\u00e9donie ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les t\u00e9moignages indiquent que la plupart des tribus de la vall\u00e9e de la Soummam ont \u00e9t\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9es dans le soul\u00e8vement. Auguste Veller, auteur de la Monographie de Sidi A\u00efch en 1888 affirme que 17 ans apr\u00e8s, les cons\u00e9quences de la terrible r\u00e9pression \u00e9taient encore visibles. Plusieurs chefs de la r\u00e9volution originaires de cette r\u00e9gion (notamment les Moukadems de la TariqaTarehmanite \u2013 Rahmaniyya) ont fait partie des d\u00e9port\u00e9s. Certains ont emport\u00e9s avec eux leurs manuscrits, mais ces ouvrages ont \u00e9t\u00e9 confisqu\u00e9s et attribu\u00e9s \u00e0 la biblioth\u00e8que des langues orientales \u00e0 Paris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il est possible d\u2019avoir des informations sur l\u2019identit\u00e9 de ces d\u00e9port\u00e9s en se r\u00e9f\u00e9rant aux archives des proc\u00e8s de 1873, ou bien aux archives municipales de la Nouvelle Cal\u00e9donie. Malgr\u00e9 les nombreux travaux r\u00e9alis\u00e9s ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es sur les d\u00e9port\u00e9s, le seul d\u00e9port\u00e9 de la r\u00e9gion pour lequel nous avons pratiquement tous les d\u00e9tails est Cheikh Aziz Belheddad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quand est-ce-qu\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 rapatri\u00e9 la d\u00e9pouille de Cheikh Aheddad ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La r\u00e9-inhumation de la d\u00e9pouille de Cheikh Aheddad \u00e0 Seddouk ou Fella a \u00e9t\u00e9 une demande de la famille Belheddad, des habitants de Seddouk et de tous les Khouans (adeptes) de la Confr\u00e9rie Tarehmanite \u2013 Rahmaniyya. En effet, les Khouans des diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions du pays venaient en p\u00e8lerinage \u00e0 Seddouk ou Fella et ne trouvaient pas d\u2019endroit ou se recueillir. C\u2019est Si Mohand Ch\u00e9rif Bencheikh, ancien inspecteur d\u2019acad\u00e9mie qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 pendant des ann\u00e9es le porte-parole de la famille aupr\u00e8s des autorit\u00e9s. Il a fallu attendre le milieu des ann\u00e9es 2000 pour qu\u2019une initiative soit lanc\u00e9e : d\u2019abord construire un mausol\u00e9e \u00e0 la dimension du personnage et convaincre les autorit\u00e9s de Constantine d\u2019accepter le transfert des d\u00e9pouilles. Parmi ceux qui ont pilot\u00e9 l\u2019op\u00e9ration, citons Rachid A\u00efssat, alors conseiller \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence et Ali Badrici, wali de B\u00e9jaia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le transfert des d\u00e9pouilles de Cheikh Aheddad et de Cheikh Aziz a eu lieu en juillet 2009. On a rajout\u00e9 une troisi\u00e8me tombe pour M\u2019hand Aheddad malgr\u00e9 le fait que sa tombe n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9e. L\u2019exposition historique au Mausol\u00e9e a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9e par l\u2019association Gehimab, en collaboration avec les associations Belhedad (Seddouk) et Asalas (Seddouk ou Fella). Ce sont ces 03 associations qui ont entretenu la m\u00e9moire tous les 08 avril \u00e0 Seddouk, depuis 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Est-ce-que votre association a fait un travail sur les d\u00e9port\u00e9s et les noms des familles touch\u00e9s par cette op\u00e9ration ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le seul insurg\u00e9 d\u00e9port\u00e9 sur lequel nous avons travaill\u00e9 est Cheikh Aziz et cela pour plusieurs raisons. En effet, son parcours depuis son arriv\u00e9e en Nouvelle Cal\u00e9donie (puis son \u00e9vasion et son itin\u00e9raire) peut \u00eatre compar\u00e9 \u00e0 celui du h\u00e9ros du roman \u00ab Papillon \u00bb d\u2019Henri Charri\u00e8re(1969), qui a d\u2019ailleurs fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une adaptation au cin\u00e9ma (film avec Steve McQueen). Parmi les \u00e9l\u00e9ments qui nous ont int\u00e9ress\u00e9, la mani\u00e8re dont Cheikh Aziz a pu d\u00e9livrer des Idjaza (dipl\u00f4mes \u2013 autorisations) \u00e0 des Cheikhs des Zawiyya pour permettre la p\u00e9rennisation de la TariqaTarehmanite \u2013 Rahmaniyya, apr\u00e8s sa d\u00e9structuration en 1871. Ainsi, l\u2019idjaza qu\u2019il a d\u00e9livr\u00e9 \u00e0 Cheikh Ouamara de la Zawiyya de Timliouine (Ouzellaguen) a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e par Louis Rinn d\u00e8s 1891.Le deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9l\u00e9ment est ses rapports avec les communards de Paris de 1871 qui eux aussi ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9port\u00e9s en Nouvelle Cal\u00e9donie. Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000, l\u2019APC de B\u00e9jaia avait initi\u00e9 un protocole d\u2019accord avec la municipalit\u00e9 de Brest. Elle a alors sollicit\u00e9 l\u2019association Gehimabpour la concr\u00e9tisation d\u2019un jumelage entre l\u2019\u00e9cole AmimounB\u00e9jaia et l\u2019\u00e9cole Louise Michel de Brest. Or, Louise Michel (1830 \u2013 1905) est une figure majeure de la commune de Paris. Apr\u00e8s son amnistie en 1880, elle a beaucoup lutt\u00e9 pour que la loi d\u2019amnistie puisse profiter aux r\u00e9sistants alg\u00e9riens. Enfin, ce sont les Communards qui ont aid\u00e9 les r\u00e9sistants qui ont transit\u00e9 par la France apr\u00e8s leur amnistie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enfin, nous avons re\u00e7u en 2019 un jeune doctorant fran\u00e7ais nomm\u00e9 Pierre Michelon qui pr\u00e9parait une th\u00e8se de doctorat en art et histoire de l\u2019art \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Paris, sous le th\u00e8me \u00ab les d\u00e9portations politiques au sein de l\u2019empire coloniale fran\u00e7ais \u00bb. En effet, il existe au Mus\u00e9e de Louvre \u00e0 Paris la fameuse st\u00e8le de Telma d\u00e9couverte vers 1884 dans le d\u00e9sert d\u2019Arabie Saoudite. La seule mention qui y figure est \u00ab mission Charles Huber \u00bb. Aucune mention de Cheikh Aziz. Or, c\u2019est gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 Aziz que ce monument a pu \u00eatre localis\u00e9. Il a \u00e9galement jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le d\u2019interm\u00e9diaire avec la tribu de la r\u00e9gion. Une exposition a \u00e9t\u00e9 produite en 2020 et expos\u00e9e au Mus\u00e9e du Louvre pour pr\u00e9senter cette contribution de Aziz Aheddad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un dernier mot ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Merci de votre int\u00e9r\u00eat pour la r\u00e9volution populaire de 1871, car nous sommes en 2021, ann\u00e9e du 150eanniversaire. Il est utile ici de rappeler que cette r\u00e9volte a constitu\u00e9 le plus important soul\u00e8vement populaire contre les forces coloniales. Elle a eu une dimension nationale (d\u2019Est en Ouest et du Nord au Sud) et a vu l\u2019implication de centaines de milliers de personnes (des milliers de guerriers et des dizaines de milliers de Khouans – adeptes). Les pr\u00e9mices de ce soul\u00e8vement sont apparues d\u00e8s octobre 1870 dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions. A partir d\u2019avril 1871, elle a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d\u2019une alliance entre un chef guerrier (El Mokrani) et un chef spirituel (Cheikh Aheddad de laTariqaTarehmanite \u2013 Rahmaniyya). Apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9faite, les chefs de la r\u00e9volte ont \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9s \u00e0 Constantine en 1873. Parmi les 210 r\u00e9sistants, certains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 la d\u00e9portation en Nouvelle Cal\u00e9donie. Parmi eux, il y avait effectivement les 02 fils de Cheikh Aheddad :  Aziz et M\u2019hand. Mais on doit aussi s\u2019int\u00e9resser aux dizaines de milliers de combattants anonymes, qui n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme prisonniers politiques, et dont le sort a \u00e9t\u00e9 parfois beaucoup plus cruel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans cet entretien, le professeur universitaire \u00e0 facult\u00e9 des sciences exactes de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de B\u00e9ja\u00efa)  Djamil Aissani, \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sident de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3768,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"","_twitter_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type":"","_pinterest_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"","_medium_share_type":"","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nProfesseur 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