{"id":38613,"date":"2023-03-29T14:59:50","date_gmt":"2023-03-29T13:59:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=38613"},"modified":"2023-03-29T14:59:52","modified_gmt":"2023-03-29T13:59:52","slug":"le-nombre-de-victimes-y-a-augmente-de-2000-en-15-ans-sahel-nouvel-epicentre-du-terrorisme-international","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2023\/03\/29\/le-nombre-de-victimes-y-a-augmente-de-2000-en-15-ans-sahel-nouvel-epicentre-du-terrorisme-international\/","title":{"rendered":"Le nombre de victimes y a augment\u00e9 de 2000 % en 15 ans\u00a0: Sahel, nouvel \u00e9picentre du terrorisme international"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Depuis au moins deux ann\u00e9es, la r\u00e9gion la moins s\u00fbre du monde n\u2019est plus le Proche-Orient. D\u00e9sormais, c\u2019est le Sahel qui est devenu un v\u00e9ritable coupe-gorge. Pis encore, la r\u00e9gion est carr\u00e9ment class\u00e9e comme \u00e9picentre principal du terrorisme international.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce fait est confirm\u00e9 par le rapport 2023 de l&rsquo;Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), organisme qui \u00e9tablit chaque ann\u00e9e un indice mondial du terrorisme. Selon ce document publi\u00e9 il y a quelques jours, le nombre de victimes d&rsquo;attentats terroristes dans la r\u00e9gion du Sahel a augment\u00e9 de plus de 2000 % au cours des 15 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. \u00ab La r\u00e9gion du Sahel, en Afrique subsaharienne, est aujourd&rsquo;hui l&rsquo;\u00e9picentre du terrorisme \u00bb, indique le document en question, soulignant que la zone \u00ab a connu plus de morts en 2022 que l&rsquo;Asie du Sud et la r\u00e9gion du Moyen-Orient et l&rsquo;Afrique du Nord (MENA) r\u00e9unis \u00bb. \u00ab Dans l&rsquo;ensemble du Sahel, 22.074 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es dans 6408 attaques terroristes entre 2007 et 2022 \u00bb, pr\u00e9cise-t-on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec 43 % des d\u00e9c\u00e8s dus au terrorisme, cette r\u00e9gion qui est la plus touch\u00e9e au monde, affiche une hausse de criminalit\u00e9 terroriste impressionnante, puisqu\u2019en 2007, ce chiffre \u00e9tait de seulement 1%.&nbsp; Des groupes terroristes tels que l&rsquo;EI et le JNIM qui poursuivent, \u00e0 ce jour, des campagnes violentes dans la r\u00e9gion, sont la cause de 43 % des d\u00e9c\u00e8s dus au terrorisme dans le monde en 2022, contre seulement 1 % en 2007. Selon la m\u00eame source, qui a analys\u00e9 les attaques terroristes dans 163 nations, quatre des dix pays les plus touch\u00e9s l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re se trouvaient dans la r\u00e9gion du Sahel. L&rsquo;un d&rsquo;entre eux est le Burkina Faso, o\u00f9 le nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s dus au terrorisme est pass\u00e9 de 759 \u00e0 1 135, ce qui repr\u00e9sente la plus forte augmentation au niveau mondial. Le Burkina Faso occupe d\u00e9sormais la deuxi\u00e8me place de la liste derri\u00e8re l&rsquo;Afghanistan. Le Mali est class\u00e9 quatri\u00e8me, le Nigeria huiti\u00e8me et le Niger dixi\u00e8me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le rapport 2023 de l&rsquo;Institute for Economics and Peace explique cette recrudescence du terrorisme par le fait que la r\u00e9gion sah\u00e9lienne de l&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne est confront\u00e9e aux effets de instabilit\u00e9 politique accrue, aux tensions g\u00e9opolitiques et \u00e0 l&rsquo;utilisation de mesures antiterroristes dures pour dissuader et an\u00e9antir la menace croissante des groupes salafistes-djihadistes. \u00ab La r\u00e9gion du Sahel est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 de nombreuses convergences et complexit\u00e9s sociales, d\u00e9fis \u00e9conomiques, politiques et s\u00e9curitaires. Ceux-ci sont susceptibles de continuent de saper les conditions n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la paix, enfermant le Sahel dans un cycle de violence et de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 \u00bb, rel\u00e8ve le rapport qui note que \u00ab l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 de plusieurs gouvernements sah\u00e9liens \u00e0 fournir s\u00e9curit\u00e9 efficace a encourag\u00e9 les groupes terroristes \u00e0 continuer leurs activit\u00e9s en contr\u00f4lant le territoire et en faisant du Sahel de plus en plus violent \u00bb. Les salafistes-djihadistes et les bandits, explique-t-on, n\u2019ont fait qu\u2019exploiter les vides socio-\u00e9conomiques et politiques ambiants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;Institute for Economics and Peace ajoute que plusieurs autres facteurs ont aliment\u00e9 le terrorisme au Sahel, notamment le changement climatique, la mauvaise gouvernance, la polarisation ethnique, les conflits pastoraux, la croissance de l&rsquo;id\u00e9ologie transnationale salafiste-islamique, les conflits li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;extraction des ressources naturelles (en particulier l&rsquo;or) et la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;acteurs ext\u00e9rieurs (comme la France). Dans ce contexte, il est rappel\u00e9 que la \u00ab r\u00e9volution de f\u00e9vrier \u00bb en Libye, qui a conduit au renversement par les Occidentaux de Mouammar Kadhafi en octobre 2011, a provoqu\u00e9 des r\u00e9actions en cha\u00eene en Afrique du Nord et au Sahel. Ces r\u00e9actions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 extr\u00eamement destructrices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La crise libyenne a pratiquement d\u00e9stabilis\u00e9 toute la moiti\u00e9 nord du continent, \u00e0 commencer par le Mali. Aujourd\u2019hui, l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre correctement le conflit du nord Mali n&rsquo;a fait qu&rsquo;accro\u00eetre les tensions. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes politiques, sociaux et \u00e9conomiques inextricables. Des probl\u00e8mes qui ont g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 de graves violences intercommunautaires entre Dogon et Peul \u00e0 Mopti et S\u00e9gou. La crise malienne a \u00e9galement pour effet d\u2019exacerber Instabilit\u00e9 au Burkina Faso, au Tchad, en Mauritanie et au Niger o\u00f9 la violence intercommunautaire et l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 terroriste ont dangereusement progress\u00e9. Si le Sahel concentre aujourd\u2019hui les regards en raison de l\u2019explosion de violence qui s\u2019y produit, il y a lieu tout de m\u00eame de rester vigilant dans les r\u00e9gions d\u2019Afrique. Le terrorisme se r\u00e9pand comme un cancer. A ce propos, le reste de l&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne conna\u00eet \u00e9galement augmentations r\u00e9guli\u00e8res, les d\u00e9c\u00e8s dus au terrorisme. Le pays qui en souffre le plus est le Mozambique o\u00f9 les attaques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 multipli\u00e9es par quarante depuis 2013. A ce rythme, c\u2019est&nbsp; l\u2019Afrique australe qui risque \u00e0 son tour d\u2019\u00eatre dans le viseur des groupes terroristes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Khider Larbi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Depuis au moins deux ann\u00e9es, la r\u00e9gion la moins s\u00fbre du monde n\u2019est plus le Proche-Orient. D\u00e9sormais, c\u2019est le Sahel<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":38616,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"","_twitter_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type":"","_pinterest_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"","_medium_share_type":"","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[52,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-actualite"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le nombre de victimes y a augment\u00e9 de 2000 % en 15 ans\u00a0: Sahel, nouvel \u00e9picentre du terrorisme international - La Sentinelle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2023\/03\/29\/le-nombre-de-victimes-y-a-augmente-de-2000-en-15-ans-sahel-nouvel-epicentre-du-terrorisme-international\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le nombre de victimes y a augment\u00e9 de 2000 % en 15 ans\u00a0: Sahel, nouvel \u00e9picentre du terrorisme international - La Sentinelle\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Depuis au moins deux ann\u00e9es, la r\u00e9gion la moins s\u00fbre du monde n\u2019est plus le Proche-Orient. 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