{"id":54484,"date":"2024-07-16T19:38:14","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T18:38:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=54484"},"modified":"2024-07-16T19:38:15","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T18:38:15","slug":"le-maroc-intensifie-lexploitation-illegale-des-ressources-du-sahara-occidental","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2024\/07\/16\/le-maroc-intensifie-lexploitation-illegale-des-ressources-du-sahara-occidental\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Maroc intensifie l&rsquo;exploitation ill\u00e9gale des ressources du Sahara occidental"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le Maroc poursuit son exploitation ill\u00e9gale des ressources naturelles du Sahara occidental, class\u00e9 pourtant comme territoire non autonome par l&rsquo;ONU, tout en cherchant vainement &nbsp;\u00e0 l\u00e9gitimer son occupation en tentant d&rsquo;attirer des entreprises occidentales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00e9cemment, le r\u00e9gime marocain a charg\u00e9 l&rsquo;Office national des hydrocarbures et des mines (Onhym) d&rsquo;octroyer les permis miniers dans la r\u00e9gion, dans le but affich\u00e9 de \u00ab\u00a0renforcer l&rsquo;attrait des groupes miniers internationaux\u00a0\u00bb. Cette strat\u00e9gie s&rsquo;inscrit dans une politique de longue date visant \u00e0 tirer profit des richesses sahraouies, notamment les phosphates de Boucraa, exploit\u00e9s par l&rsquo;Office ch\u00e9rifien du phosphate (OCP) dont le roi Mohammed VI est actionnaire. Le Maroc utilise ces ressources comme levier pour impliquer des entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res et ainsi consolider son occupation. Pourtant, le Sahara occidental est inscrit sur la liste de l&rsquo;ONU des territoires non autonomes d\u00e8s1963. Autrement dit, le Maroc n&rsquo;est pas souverain sur le Sahara occidental. Il n&rsquo;en est pas non plus la puissance administrante, puisque l&rsquo;Espagne conserve ce statut depuis 1965. Le Maroc est donc la puissance occupante, administrant la population et exploitant ill\u00e9galement les ressources de ce territoire. Ses efforts sont soutenus par un bon nombre d&rsquo;entreprises internationales qui tirent profit du conflit. Ces entreprises actives au Sahara Occidental cr\u00e9ent des emplois pour les colons marocains pr\u00e9sents ill\u00e9galement, \u00e0 la fois par des investissements directs et par les exportations des produits vers des pays \u00e9trangers, en violation des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve. Cependant, cette politique de fait accompli se heurte \u00e0 une opposition croissante. Les pratiques marocaines sont de plus en plus scrut\u00e9es. Le gouvernement norv\u00e9gien a qualifi\u00e9 l&rsquo;exploration p\u00e9troli\u00e8re au Sahara occidental de \u00ab\u00a0violation particuli\u00e8rement grave des normes \u00e9thiques\u00a0\u00bb. L&rsquo;ONU a soulign\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;obtenir le consentement du peuple sahraoui pour tout projet d&rsquo;exploitation des ressources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De plus, des rapports pointent la gestion non durable de ces ressources par le Maroc. Une analyse de l&rsquo;UE a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9puisement quasi total des stocks de poissons, tandis que l&rsquo;agriculture intensive menace les r\u00e9serves d&rsquo;eau souterraines. Aux \u00eeles Canaries, des centaines de manifestants ont r\u00e9cemment exig\u00e9 la fin du pillage des ressources sahraouies. En Afrique du Sud, le ministre des Relations internationales, Ronald Lamola, a r\u00e9affirm\u00e9 le soutien \u00ab\u00a0ind\u00e9fectible\u00a0\u00bb de son pays \u00e0 la lutte du peuple sahraoui pour l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance. Malgr\u00e9 ces man\u0153uvres, la cause sahraouie gagne du terrain sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale. Le soutien croissant de pays comme l&rsquo;Afrique du Sud et la mobilisation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, notamment aux Canaries, t\u00e9moignent d&rsquo;une prise de conscience accrue de la situation au Sahara occidental.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lyes Sa\u00efdi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Maroc poursuit son exploitation ill\u00e9gale des ressources naturelles du Sahara occidental, class\u00e9 pourtant comme territoire non autonome par l&rsquo;ONU,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":52732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"default","_twitter_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type":"default","_pinterest_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"default","_medium_share_type":"","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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