{"id":55140,"date":"2024-07-31T14:10:23","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T13:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=55140"},"modified":"2024-07-31T14:10:25","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T13:10:25","slug":"le-conflit-au-sahara-occidental-reste-une-question-de-decolonisation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2024\/07\/31\/le-conflit-au-sahara-occidental-reste-une-question-de-decolonisation\/","title":{"rendered":"Le conflit au Sahara occidental reste une question de d\u00e9colonisation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La r\u00e9cente d\u00e9cision de la France de soutenir le pr\u00e9tendu plan marocain d&rsquo;autonomie pour le Sahara occidental est au c\u0153ur d&rsquo;une avalanche de critiques sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale, dans la mesure o\u00f9 elle constitue une violation claire du droit internationales et des r\u00e9solutions de l&rsquo;ONU.&nbsp; Une violation soulign\u00e9e par Juan Soroeta Liceras, ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences en droit international et relations internationales. En soutenant l&rsquo;autonomie sous pr\u00e9tendue souverainet\u00e9 marocaine comme unique solution au conflit, la France nie de facto le droit inali\u00e9nable du peuple sahraoui \u00e0 l&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination, principe fondamental du droit international. \u00ab\u00a0La d\u00e9cision du gouvernement fran\u00e7ais de reconna\u00eetre l&rsquo;autonomie sous la pr\u00e9tendue souverainet\u00e9 marocaine comme unique solution au conflit au Sahara occidental constitue l&rsquo;affirmation que la France nie le droit du peuple sahraoui \u00e0 l&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination. En clair, la France viole le droit international\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;APS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette position va \u00e0 l&rsquo;encontre des r\u00e9solutions de l&rsquo;ONU qui ont constamment r\u00e9affirm\u00e9 la nature juridique du conflit au Sahara occidental comme une question de d\u00e9colonisation. De plus, elle ignore l&rsquo;avis consultatif de 1975 de la Cour internationale de Justice (CIJ), qui a conclu qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;existait aucun lien juridique entre le Sahara occidental et le Maroc pouvant affecter l&rsquo;application du droit \u00e0 l&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon le juriste, \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sident de l&rsquo;association internationale pour l&rsquo;observation des droits de l&rsquo;homme, le soutien de la France au plan d&rsquo;autonomie propos\u00e9 par le Maroc en 2007, \u00ab\u00a0n&rsquo;aura aucun effet juridique\u00a0\u00bb et que ce genre de d\u00e9clarations est \u00ab\u00a0de nature politique sans cons\u00e9quences juridiques\u00a0\u00bb. \u00ab\u00a0Le Sahara occidental reste un territoire en attente de d\u00e9colonisation, quelle que soit la volont\u00e9 ou l&rsquo;intention des autres Etats. Ni la France ni un autre pays ne peut conclure d&rsquo;accords qui violent le droit international, car il pourrait alors \u00eatre poursuivi devant des Cours pour avoir engag\u00e9 sa responsabilit\u00e9 internationale\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il expliqu\u00e9. . Il a rappel\u00e9, \u00e0 ce titre, que le plan de paix n\u00e9goci\u00e9 par le Maroc et le Front Polisario en 1991, pr\u00e9voit l&rsquo;organisation d&rsquo;un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum au cours duquel il sera demand\u00e9 \u00e0 la population si elle souhaitait que le Sahara occidental fasse partie du Maroc ou devienne un Etat ind\u00e9pendant. \u00ab\u00a0Tout type d&rsquo;autonomie \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 une int\u00e9gration. Soutenir l&rsquo;autonomie signifie soutenir l&rsquo;int\u00e9gration du Sahara occidental au Maroc. Autrement dit, rejeter le droit \u00e0 l&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination et soutenir l&rsquo;occupation militaire\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il averti. Les raisons sous-jacentes \u00e0 ce changement de position fran\u00e7aise soul\u00e8vent des interrogations. Certains observateurs, dont Juan Soroeta Liceras, \u00e9voquent la possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un chantage exerc\u00e9 par le Maroc, notamment via l&rsquo;utilisation du logiciel d&rsquo;espionnage Pegasus. \u00ab\u00a0La France, comme l&rsquo;Espagne, sont victimes depuis de nombreuses ann\u00e9es d&rsquo;un chantage exerc\u00e9 par le Maroc, qui agit comme un Etat mafieux\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il ajout\u00e9. Ce sp\u00e9cialiste des relations internationales affirme que l&rsquo;utilisation par le Maroc du logiciel d&rsquo;espionnage Pegasus peut \u00e9galement expliquer le changement de position par rapport au conflit au Sahara occidental. Ce programme est utilis\u00e9 par le Maroc pour \u00ab\u00a0faire chanter les politiciens espagnols et fran\u00e7ais\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il soutenu, soulignant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de \u00ab\u00a0prendre en compte\u00a0\u00bb cet aspect pour \u00ab\u00a0comprendre la nature globale du conflit\u00a0\u00bb. Commentant la r\u00e9action de l&rsquo;Alg\u00e9rie qui a exprim\u00e9, jeudi, sa \u00ab\u00a0profonde d\u00e9sapprobation\u00a0\u00bb de la d\u00e9cision \u00ab\u00a0inattendue, inopportune et contre-productive\u00a0\u00bb de la France d&rsquo;apporter son soutien au plan d&rsquo;autonomie d\u00e9fendu par le Maroc pour le Sahara occidental, ce juriste espagnol qualifie cette r\u00e9action d'\u00a0\u00bbirr\u00e9prochable\u00a0\u00bb, relevant que sur le plan juridique, le cas du conflit au Sahara occidental est similaire \u00e0 celui de la Palestine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Notons que de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, le Conseil supr\u00eame international des organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile a d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 la d\u00e9cision de la France en faveur du plan dit \u00ab\u00a0autonomie au Sahara occidental\u00a0\u00bb pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans le cadre de la souverainet\u00e9 marocaine pr\u00e9tendue, r\u00e9it\u00e9rant le droit du peuple sahraoui \u00e0 l&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination, \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 et \u00e0 l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance. Dans une d\u00e9claration \u00e0 l&rsquo;APS, la pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil supr\u00eame international des organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, Intissar Al-Quleib, a \u00ab\u00a0profond\u00e9ment d\u00e9plor\u00e9 la d\u00e9cision de Paris qui transgresse la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 internationale et sape le droit des peuples \u00e0 l&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination, d&rsquo;autant que le Sahara occidental est inscrit sur la liste des territoires non autonomes de l&rsquo;ONU\u00a0\u00bb. Mme Al-Quleib a soulign\u00e9 que \u00ab\u00a0la d\u00e9cision du gouvernement fran\u00e7ais est d\u00e9pourvue de tout fondement juridique ou historique, mais il s&rsquo;agit, plut\u00f4t, d&rsquo;une position partiale en faveur de l&rsquo;Etat d&rsquo;occupation marocain, qui refuse d&rsquo;organiser un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum d&rsquo;autod\u00e9termination, comme convenu entre les deux parties du conflit en 1991\u00a0\u00bb. Partant, le Conseil appelle les gouvernements du monde \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0soutenir la cause sahraouie et de faire pression sur l&rsquo;Etat d&rsquo;occupation pour le contraindre \u00e0 se plier au Droit international en vue de la d\u00e9colonisation de la derni\u00e8re colonie africaine\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R.N.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La r\u00e9cente d\u00e9cision de la France de soutenir le pr\u00e9tendu plan marocain d&rsquo;autonomie pour le Sahara occidental est au c\u0153ur<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":47913,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"default","_twitter_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type":"default","_pinterest_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"default","_medium_share_type":"","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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