{"id":65016,"date":"2025-03-30T12:02:21","date_gmt":"2025-03-30T11:02:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=65016"},"modified":"2025-03-30T12:02:21","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T11:02:21","slug":"transition-energetique-le-secretaire-general-de-lopep-appelle-a-une-vision-plus-equilibree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2025\/03\/30\/transition-energetique-le-secretaire-general-de-lopep-appelle-a-une-vision-plus-equilibree\/","title":{"rendered":"Transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique: Le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l&rsquo;OPEP appelle \u00e0 une vision plus \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le Secr\u00e9taire G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l&rsquo;Organisation des Pays Exportateurs de P\u00e9trole (OPEP), Haitham Al Ghais, vient de publier une analyse percutante qui remet fondamentalement en question l&rsquo;utilisation du terme \u00ab\u00a0vert\u00a0\u00bb dans le discours politique relatif \u00e0 la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique contemporain. Dans une tribune publi\u00e9e sur le site web de l&rsquo;OPEP, Al Ghais s&rsquo;interroge sur la pertinence et les implications de cette \u00e9tiquette largement utilis\u00e9e mais rarement d\u00e9finie avec pr\u00e9cision. Cette intervention survient \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 les gouvernements du monde entier intensifient leurs efforts pour atteindre la neutralit\u00e9 carbone, souvent en privil\u00e9giant certaines technologies qualifi\u00e9es de \u00ab\u00a0vertes\u00a0\u00bb au d\u00e9triment d&rsquo;autres sources d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie. \u00ab\u00a0Certaines sources d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie sont qualifi\u00e9es de vertes. Un tel terme ou slogan peut occulter les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques. Il est important d&rsquo;explorer ce que &lsquo;vert&rsquo; signifie r\u00e9ellement\u00a0\u00bb, affirme d&#8217;embl\u00e9e Al Ghais, posant ainsi les bases d&rsquo;une r\u00e9flexion plus nuanc\u00e9e sur la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. Le responsable de l&rsquo;OPEP souligne que si \u00ab\u00a0vert\u00a0\u00bb fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;\u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, alors l&#8217;empreinte carbone compl\u00e8te d&rsquo;une source d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie devrait \u00eatre prise en compte, y compris les processus de production et le transport, ce qui nuance consid\u00e9rablement la classification actuelle. L&rsquo;article met en lumi\u00e8re des faits souvent n\u00e9glig\u00e9s dans le discours public. Par exemple, Al Ghais rappelle que \u00ab\u00a0la fabrication, l&rsquo;installation, l&rsquo;exploitation et le d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement \u00e9ventuel des \u00e9oliennes et des panneaux solaires entra\u00eenent des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre.\u00a0\u00bb Il pr\u00e9cise notamment que l&rsquo;acier, le ciment et les plastiques, essentiels \u00e0 ces technologies, sont produits par des processus intensifs en \u00e9missions. \u00ab\u00a0Environ 70% de l&rsquo;acier mondial est produit \u00e0 partir de minerai de fer en utilisant des processus bas\u00e9s sur le charbon\u00a0\u00bb, note-t-il, soulignant ainsi les contradictions inh\u00e9rentes \u00e0 certaines solutions pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es comme \u00e9cologiques. Le paradoxe de l&rsquo;\u00e9lectrification, souvent pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e comme une solution miracle, est \u00e9galement mis en exergue par le Secr\u00e9taire G\u00e9n\u00e9ral. \u00ab\u00a0&lsquo;Tout \u00e9lectrifier&rsquo; est souvent d\u00e9crit comme un moyen de devenir vert. Pourtant, l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2024 a vu la production d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 \u00e0 partir du charbon atteindre un niveau record, sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent dans l&rsquo;histoire humaine\u00a0\u00bb, r\u00e9v\u00e8le-t-il, ajoutant que \u00ab\u00a0les \u00e9missions mondiales de CO2 provenant des centrales \u00e9lectriques au charbon ont atteint un nouveau record historique en 2024, et devraient \u00eatre encore plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es en 2025.\u00a0\u00bb Al Ghais \u00e9largit \u00e9galement sa r\u00e9flexion \u00e0 l&rsquo;impact \u00e9cologique global. \u00ab\u00a0Si vert signifie \u00eatre en harmonie avec la nature, il faudrait tenir compte de l&rsquo;impact \u00e9cologique complet d&rsquo;une source d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare-t-il, avant de d\u00e9tailler comment l&rsquo;installation d&rsquo;\u00e9oliennes terrestres ou de fermes solaires commence souvent par le d\u00e9frichement de terrains, perturbant potentiellement les habitats animaux et les voies migratoires. La question du recyclage est \u00e9galement abord\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re frontale. \u00ab\u00a0Selon le New York Times, les ing\u00e9nieurs ont pr\u00e9dit que plus de 43 millions de tonnes de d\u00e9chets de d\u00e9charge seront g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par les pales d&rsquo;\u00e9oliennes dans le monde d&rsquo;ici 2050\u00a0\u00bb, indique Al Ghais, ajoutant que \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;Agence internationale pour les \u00e9nergies renouvelables a calcul\u00e9 que les d\u00e9chets annuels de panneaux photovolta\u00efques en fin de vie devraient augmenter pour atteindre plus de 60 \u00e0 78 millions de tonnes m\u00e9triques cumulativement d&rsquo;ici 2050.\u00a0\u00bb Loin de rejeter les \u00e9nergies renouvelables, le Secr\u00e9taire G\u00e9n\u00e9ral reconna\u00eet leur importance : \u00ab\u00a0Les panneaux solaires et les \u00e9oliennes sont des technologies extraordinaires. Ils constituent une composante n\u00e9cessaire du mix \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, surtout avec la croissance de la demande \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pr\u00e9vue dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir.\u00a0\u00bb Cependant, il cite l&rsquo;historien de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie Jean-Baptiste Fressoz en rappelant qu'\u00a0\u00bbil est d\u00e9raisonnable d&rsquo;attendre davantage des panneaux solaires et des \u00e9oliennes que ce qu&rsquo;ils peuvent offrir.\u00a0\u00bb \u00ab\u00a0L&rsquo;avenir concerne toutes les \u00e9nergies, peu importe la couleur sous laquelle elles sont \u00e9tiquet\u00e9es. Nous avons besoin de solutions, pas de slogans\u00a0\u00bb, conclut Al Ghais, appelant ainsi \u00e0 une approche pragmatique plut\u00f4t qu&rsquo;id\u00e9ologique des d\u00e9fis \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques mondiaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amar Malki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Secr\u00e9taire G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l&rsquo;Organisation des Pays Exportateurs de P\u00e9trole (OPEP), Haitham Al Ghais, vient de publier une analyse percutante<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":40250,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"default","_twitter_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type":"default","_pinterest_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"default","_medium_share_type":"default","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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