{"id":81315,"date":"2026-02-14T13:52:40","date_gmt":"2026-02-14T12:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=81315"},"modified":"2026-02-14T13:52:41","modified_gmt":"2026-02-14T12:52:41","slug":"derriere-le-minerai-de-fer-de-gara-djebilet-toumiat-devient-la-forge-de-lalgerie-industrielle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2026\/02\/14\/derriere-le-minerai-de-fer-de-gara-djebilet-toumiat-devient-la-forge-de-lalgerie-industrielle\/","title":{"rendered":"Derri\u00e8re le minerai de fer de Gara Djebilet\u00a0: Toumiat devient la forge de l’Alg\u00e9rie industrielle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C’est l’un des plus grands gisements de fer au monde, longtemps promesse sans lendemain. D\u00e9sormais, l’exploitation du minerai de Gara Djebilet, dans la wilaya de Tindouf, se dote d’un bras industriel concret : \u00e0 50 kilom\u00e8tres au nord de B\u00e9char, la zone industrielle de Toumiat sort de terre avec une ambition sid\u00e9rurgique nationale qui mobilise des milliards de dinars et recompose la g\u00e9ographie \u00e9conomique du Grand Sud-Ouest alg\u00e9rien.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le gisement de Gara Djebilet n’est pas un secret. Ses r\u00e9serves estim\u00e9es \u00e0 plusieurs milliards de tonnes de minerai de fer en font l’un des plus consid\u00e9rables de la plan\u00e8te, connu depuis les ann\u00e9es soixante, convoit\u00e9 par les \u00e9conomistes, diff\u00e9r\u00e9 par les contraintes logistiques et financi\u00e8res. Ce qui change aujourd’hui, c’est que l’infrastructure n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 sa valorisation industrielle se construit, pierre apr\u00e8s pierre, c\u00e2ble apr\u00e8s c\u00e2ble, forage apr\u00e8s forage, \u00e0 Toumiat. Cette zone industrielle de 1 478 hectares \u2014 extensibles \u2014 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par arr\u00eat\u00e9 du wali de B\u00e9char en juillet 2023, n’est pas un simple parc d’activit\u00e9s de plus sur la carte administrative alg\u00e9rienne. Elle est con\u00e7ue, selon les services de la wilaya, comme le c\u0153ur n\u00e9vralgique d’une fili\u00e8re sid\u00e9rurgique int\u00e9gr\u00e9e, capable de transformer le minerai brut extrait \u00e0 Tindouf en produits \u00e0 forte valeur ajout\u00e9e destin\u00e9s \u00e0 l’industrie nationale et, \u00e0 terme, \u00e0 l’exportation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La pierre fondatrice de cette ambition a \u00e9t\u00e9 pos\u00e9e en avril 2025 par le pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique Abdelmadjid Tebboune lui-m\u00eame, lors d’une visite de travail dans la wilaya de B\u00e9char. Il s’agissait de lancer la construction d’un complexe d\u00e9di\u00e9 \u00e0 la production de concentr\u00e9 et de boulettes de minerai de fer \u2014 un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 qui permet de valoriser le minerai en amont, avant m\u00eame qu’il n’atteigne les hauts-fourneaux. Un signal politique fort, adress\u00e9 autant aux investisseurs qu’aux populations du Sud, indiquant que Gara Djebilet n’\u00e9tait plus un horizon lointain mais un chantier en cours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour que ce chantier tienne ses promesses, encore fallait-il que Toumiat dispose des infrastructures de base qu’exige toute activit\u00e9 industrielle lourde. Sur le plan \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, la zone b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u00e9j\u00e0 de quatre sources d’alimentation \u00e9lectrique majeures. \u00ab\u00a0La zone dispose d’une ligne tr\u00e8s haute tension de 220 kilovolts reliant Na\u00e2ama \u00e0 B\u00e9char, d’une ligne compl\u00e9mentaire de 30 kilovolts, ainsi que de deux transformateurs \u00e9lectriques de grande capacit\u00e9 \u2014 le premier op\u00e9rant en 30\/60\/220 kilovolts, le second, en cours d’ach\u00e8vement, en 200\/400 kilovolts\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9taille la fiche technique de la zone industrielle. De quoi alimenter des installations industrielles \u00e9nergivores sans risque de rupture d’approvisionnement, condition non n\u00e9gociable pour un complexe sid\u00e9rurgique fonctionnant en continu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La question de l’eau, plus d\u00e9licate encore dans un environnement saharien, a fait l’objet d’investissements consid\u00e9rables. \u00ab\u00a0Dix forages importants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s et \u00e9quip\u00e9s pour un co\u00fbt d\u00e9passant le milliard de dinars, et un ch\u00e2teau d’eau d’une capacit\u00e9 de 5 000 m\u00e8tres cubes, repr\u00e9sentant un investissement de 540 millions de dinars, a \u00e9t\u00e9 construit pour assurer le stockage n\u00e9cessaire\u00a0\u00bb, a indiqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019APSla direction locale de l’hydraulique. La m\u00eame source pr\u00e9cise qu’une adduction de 63 kilom\u00e8tres achemine les eaux trait\u00e9es depuis la station d’\u00e9puration de B\u00e9char, dont la capacit\u00e9 de traitement atteint 510 000 m\u00e8tres cubes par an. \u00c0 cela s’ajoutent deux sources d’approvisionnement suppl\u00e9mentaires, \u00ab\u00a0programm\u00e9es \u00e0 partir des champs de captage des eaux albiennes de Boussir et Guetrani, au nord de B\u00e9char\u00a0\u00bb, toujours selon la direction de l’hydraulique, dont les nappes profondes constituent une r\u00e9serve strat\u00e9gique pour l’ensemble de la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La connectivit\u00e9 physique de la zone a elle aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 pens\u00e9e en amont. Toumiat jouxte la route nationale RN6.A, art\u00e8re vitale reliant le Sud-Ouest au Nord du pays, et se trouve \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de la ligne ferroviaire B\u00e9char-Oran \u2014 un atout logistique d\u00e9cisif pour l’acheminement du minerai depuis Tindouf et l’exp\u00e9dition des produits transform\u00e9s vers les ports m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ens. \u00ab\u00a0Une route d’acc\u00e8s de 1,7 kilom\u00e8tre connecte d\u00e9sormais la zone \u00e0 cette nationale, et un h\u00e9liport de 22 500 m\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s vient d’y \u00eatre am\u00e9nag\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, selon les services de la wilaya, facilitant les d\u00e9placements rapides des cadres et des \u00e9quipes techniques dans une r\u00e9gion o\u00f9 les distances sont un d\u00e9fi quotidien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sur le plan num\u00e9rique, \u00ab\u00a0la pr\u00e9sence \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 imm\u00e9diate de deux n\u0153uds de fibre optique devrait consid\u00e9rablement faciliter la connexion future de la zone aux r\u00e9seaux nationaux de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications\u00a0\u00bb, a pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 la direction op\u00e9rationnelle locale d’Alg\u00e9rie T\u00e9l\u00e9com \u2014 indispensable \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque o\u00f9 la supervision industrielle, la maintenance pr\u00e9dictive et la gestion des flux logistiques reposent sur la connectivit\u00e9 permanente des installations. L’ensemble de ces am\u00e9nagements a n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, selon la direction locale du secteur de l’industrie, \u00ab\u00a0un investissement sectoriel de 400 millions de dinars consacr\u00e9s aux travaux d’infrastructure, dans le cadre d’une autorisation de programme d\u00e9passant les sept milliards de dinars.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce que Toumiat r\u00e9v\u00e8le, au fond, c’est la maturit\u00e9 nouvelle avec laquelle l’Alg\u00e9rie aborde la question de son industrialisation et de l\u2019exploitation int\u00e9gr\u00e9e de Gara Djebilet. Ici, le pari est diff\u00e9rent : construire autour du minerai une cha\u00eene de valeur locale, doter le Sud-Ouest d’une infrastructure industrielle p\u00e9renne, et transformer une rente g\u00e9ologique en d\u00e9veloppement territorial durable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sabrina Aziouez<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C’est l’un des plus grands gisements de fer au monde, longtemps promesse sans lendemain. 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