{"id":84894,"date":"2026-04-04T19:42:53","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T18:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=84894"},"modified":"2026-04-04T19:42:54","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T18:42:54","slug":"secoue-par-une-grave-crise-energetique-le-maroc-de-retour-a-lage-du-charbon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2026\/04\/04\/secoue-par-une-grave-crise-energetique-le-maroc-de-retour-a-lage-du-charbon\/","title":{"rendered":"Secou\u00e9 par une grave crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique\u00a0: Le Maroc de retour \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du charbon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pris en \u00e9tau entre une crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique qui s&rsquo;aggrave de jour en jour et l&rsquo;onde de choc du conflit au Moyen-Orient, le Maroc a renou\u00e9 avec le charbon comme bou\u00e9e de sauvetage \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u2014 un retour en arri\u00e8re qui r\u00e9v\u00e8le l&rsquo;ampleur des impasses strat\u00e9giques accumul\u00e9es, et qui embrase la rue d&rsquo;une col\u00e8re sociale in\u00e9dite. Depuis l&#8217;embrasement du Moyen-Orient et du Golfe, le Royaume ch\u00e9rifien peine \u00e0 s&rsquo;approvisionner en p\u00e9trole et en gaz sur les march\u00e9s internationaux. Tous les indicateurs sont au rouge. Face \u00e0 cette \u00e9quation impossible, Rabat a fait un choix qui dit tout : revenir au charbon. Selon des rapports sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, le Maroc figure d\u00e9sormais parmi les plus grands importateurs mondiaux de ce combustible fossile, avec une d\u00e9pendance qui atteindrait environ 64 % de sa production \u00e9lectrique. Des centaines de milliers de tonnes sont import\u00e9es chaque mois pour alimenter des centrales thermiques qui couvrent l&rsquo;essentiel de la demande en \u00e9lectricit\u00e9, notamment dans les zones c\u00f4ti\u00e8res industrielles. Ce repli \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9 du seul contexte international. Il puise ses racines dans des choix politiques contest\u00e9s qui ont, progressivement, priv\u00e9 le Maroc de ressources \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques vitales dont il b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiait autrefois. Pendant des d\u00e9cennies, le Royaume a tir\u00e9 avantage du gazoduc transm\u00e9diterran\u00e9e qui relie l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie \u00e0 l\u2019Espagne traversant son territoire, le Pedro Duran Farell \u2014 un corridor \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique qui alimentait ses besoins domestiques tout en lui rapportant environ 240 millions de dollars annuels en droits de transit. La d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration des relations avec Alger, marqu\u00e9e par la rupture diplomatique de 2021 et une hostilit\u00e9 politique persistante, a conduit l&rsquo;Alg\u00e9rie \u00e0 ne pas renouveler cet accord en octobre de la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, redirigeant le flux gazier vers l&rsquo;Espagne via la route sous-marine Medgaz. Le Maroc s&rsquo;est ainsi retrouv\u00e9 priv\u00e9 d&rsquo;un approvisionnement structurant, sans alternative pr\u00e9par\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour compenser, Rabat s&rsquo;est tourn\u00e9 vers les march\u00e9s internationaux, avec des r\u00e9sultats pour le moins inconfortables. Des rapports font \u00e9tat d&rsquo;importations de charbon russe soumis \u00e0 des sanctions europ\u00e9ennes et am\u00e9ricaines \u2014 un choix qui place le Maroc dans une position d\u00e9licate vis-\u00e0-vis de ses partenaires occidentaux, qui le consid\u00e8rent pourtant comme un alli\u00e9 traditionnel. La Russie, autrefois absente du paysage \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique marocain domin\u00e9 par les \u00c9tats-Unis, serait devenue le principal fournisseur de charbon du Royaume. Ce glissement g\u00e9opolitique silencieux n&rsquo;\u00e9chappe pas aux observateurs et pourrait, \u00e0 terme, fragiliser les \u00e9quilibres diplomatiques soigneusement entretenus avec Bruxelles et Washington.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les experts sont unanimes : ce pari sur le charbon impose un co\u00fbt environnemental et sanitaire \u00e9lev\u00e9. Les \u00e9missions des centrales thermiques p\u00e8sent directement sur la qualit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;air et la sant\u00e9 des populations riveraines. Sur le plan \u00e9conomique, la facture d&rsquo;importation gr\u00e8ve les r\u00e9serves en devises, dans un contexte o\u00f9 la pression sur le dirham s&rsquo;intensifie. Les ambitions affich\u00e9es par Rabat en mati\u00e8re d&rsquo;\u00e9nergies renouvelables \u2014 le Maroc s&rsquo;est fix\u00e9 l&rsquo;objectif de porter \u00e0 52 % la part des \u00e9nergies propres dans son mix \u00e9lectrique d&rsquo;ici 2030 \u2014 se heurtent \u00e0 des obstacles techniques et financiers croissants. L&rsquo;abandon du charbon reste, selon les sp\u00e9cialistes, un horizon difficilement atteignable \u00e0 court terme, tant la demande \u00e9lectrique continue d&rsquo;augmenter et les alternatives tardent \u00e0 se d\u00e9ployer \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle requise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La rue s&#8217;embrase : boycott des stations-service<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique a aussi une face visible, sociale et imm\u00e9diate : la flamb\u00e9e des prix du carburant. Exasp\u00e9r\u00e9s, des milliers de Marocains ont lanc\u00e9 ces derniers jours une campagne de boycott des stations-service, n\u00e9e sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux avant de se propager \u00e0 travers tout le pays. Sur Facebook et les autres plateformes, les appels se multiplient, accompagn\u00e9s de slogans incisifs. Les participants sont invit\u00e9s \u00e0 ne pas acheter d&rsquo;essence et \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier marche \u00e0 pied ou transports alternatifs. \u00ab Tout Marocain qui se rend \u00e0 une station-service participe \u00e0 la corruption \u00bb, \u00e9crit un internaute ; un autre ironise : \u00ab Moi je marche \u00e0 pied\u2026 et toi ? \u00bb La contestation d\u00e9passe rapidement la seule question du carburant pour pointer du doigt une gouvernance jug\u00e9e opaque et in\u00e9galitaire. Au c\u0153ur des critiques figure Aziz Akhannouch, chef du gouvernement et propri\u00e9taire d&rsquo;Afriquia, la principale cha\u00eene de distribution d&rsquo;hydrocarbures du Royaume, qui occupe une position dominante sur tout le march\u00e9 de l&rsquo;importation et de la distribution. Ce cumul des r\u00f4les \u2014 r\u00e9gulateur public et acteur priv\u00e9 majeur \u2014 alimente les accusations de conflit d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eats et nourrit un sentiment g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 que les hausses de prix profitent davantage \u00e0 des int\u00e9r\u00eats priv\u00e9s qu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. \u00ab Ils ne comprennent que l&rsquo;argent \u00bb, r\u00e9sume un internaute, dans une formule qui condense la d\u00e9fiance d&rsquo;une partie croissante de la population envers ses dirigeants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Maroc se retrouve ainsi \u00e0 la crois\u00e9e des chemins : dos au mur \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiquement, divis\u00e9 socialement, et contraint de faire des choix qui hypoth\u00e8quent \u00e0 la fois son image internationale et sa trajectoire climatique. La fum\u00e9e qui s&rsquo;\u00e9chappe des centrales \u00e0 charbon est le symbole le plus \u00e9loquent d&rsquo;une impasse \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique qui s\u2019inscrit dans la dur\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lyes S.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pris en \u00e9tau entre une crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique qui s&rsquo;aggrave de jour en jour et l&rsquo;onde de choc du conflit au<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":84895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"default","_twitter_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type":"default","_pinterest_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"default","_medium_share_type":"default","_threads_share_type":"default","_google_business_share_type":"default","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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