{"id":85136,"date":"2026-04-08T13:39:23","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T12:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/?p=85136"},"modified":"2026-04-08T13:39:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T12:39:24","slug":"la-guerre-au-moyen-orient-provoque-la-pire-crise-energetique-de-lhistoire-laie-avertit-sur-un-avril-noir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lasentinelle.dz\/index.php\/2026\/04\/08\/la-guerre-au-moyen-orient-provoque-la-pire-crise-energetique-de-lhistoire-laie-avertit-sur-un-avril-noir\/","title":{"rendered":"La guerre au Moyen-Orient provoque la pire crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de l\u2019Histoire\u00a0: L’AIE avertit sur un \u00ab avril noir \u00bb !"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La guerre au Moyen-Orient plonge l’\u00e9conomie mondiale dans sa pire crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de l’Histoire. C’est l’avertissement sans d\u00e9tour que lance Fatih Birol, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’Agence internationale de l’\u00e9nergie (AIE), dans un entretien accord\u00e9 au quotidien Le Figaro<\/em> publi\u00e9 lundi. 39 jours apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9clenchement des op\u00e9rations militaires am\u00e9ricano-isra\u00e9liennes, les cons\u00e9quences sur l’approvisionnement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondial se r\u00e9v\u00e8lent d’une gravit\u00e9 sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. Depuis la fermeture du d\u00e9troit d’Ormuz par l’Iran \u2014 voie maritime par laquelle transite une part d\u00e9cisive du p\u00e9trole et du gaz naturel liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 de la plan\u00e8te \u2014, le syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondial vacille sur ses bases. 75 infrastructures \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 attaqu\u00e9es et endommag\u00e9es, dont plus d’un tiers gravement ou tr\u00e8s gravement touch\u00e9es. Les pays du Golfe ne produisent plus qu’un peu plus de la moiti\u00e9 de leur p\u00e9trole d’avant-guerre, et leurs exportations de gaz naturel sont tomb\u00e9es \u00e0 z\u00e9ro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fatih Birol ne m\u00e2che pas ses mots : la crise actuelle surpasse en gravit\u00e9 les chocs p\u00e9troliers de 1973 et 1979 ainsi que la crise gazi\u00e8re de 2022, r\u00e9unis. \u00ab Cette guerre perturbe l’une des art\u00e8res de l’\u00e9conomie mondiale, souligne-t-il. Non seulement le p\u00e9trole et le gaz, mais aussi les engrais, les produits p\u00e9trochimiques, l’h\u00e9lium. \u00bb Si le d\u00e9troit d’Ormuz demeure ferm\u00e9 tout au long d’avril, pr\u00e9vient-il, les pertes en p\u00e9trole brut et produits raffin\u00e9s seront deux fois sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 celles enregistr\u00e9es en mars. \u00ab Il faut \u00eatre conscient que mars a \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s difficile, mais qu’avril sera bien pire. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Face \u00e0 l’urgence, une r\u00e9ponse collective sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent a \u00e9t\u00e9 esquiss\u00e9e. Le G7 a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de d\u00e9bloquer quelque 400 millions de barils de stocks strat\u00e9giques sur les march\u00e9s \u2014 la plus grande lib\u00e9ration de stocks p\u00e9troliers de l’Histoire. Une mesure que Birol qualifie de n\u00e9cessaire, tout en temp\u00e9rant : ces stocks ne repr\u00e9sentent que 20 % des r\u00e9serves mondiales disponibles, laissant une marge de man\u0153uvre pour la suite. La \u00ab seule vraie solution \u00bb, mart\u00e8le-t-il, demeure la r\u00e9ouverture du d\u00e9troit d’Ormuz. \u00ab Tant qu’il restera ferm\u00e9, l’\u00e9conomie mondiale sera confront\u00e9e \u00e0 de tr\u00e8s grandes difficult\u00e9s. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pourtant, au c\u0153ur de cette tourmente, le directeur de l’AIE refuse le pessimisme d\u00e9finitif. Cette crise, aussi d\u00e9vastatrice soit-elle, pourrait paradoxalement acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondiale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samira Ghrib<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La guerre au Moyen-Orient plonge l’\u00e9conomie mondiale dans sa pire crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de l’Histoire. 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